Gauze-loom.



A. HANNAH.

lGIAUZE LOOM. APPLIcATIoN FILED JULY 25,1907.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908. s SHEETS-SHEET 1,

w/mssss 7; @J9-w Y THE NaRRls PETER: ca.. wAsmNpwN, n. c.

A. HANNAH.

GAUZE LooM. APPLIoATIoN FILED JULY 25,1907.

lPatented Sept. 29, 1908.

3 SHEETLSHEET 2.

THE NaRRls PETERS cm. wAsHlNornN. D. c.

A. 'HANNAEL GAUZE LOOM. v- APPLIoATIoN Hum JULY' 25,1907.

9 Patented Sept.29, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Fig- 7.

WITNESSES:

I v Y l v /von A l er.: .s y ,Y V

lfi-nii'iiNT oFFioE.

ALECK HANNAH, OF` WARRENPONT, NEW JERSEY.

Gauze-'Loom Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

` Applcationled July 25, 1907. tSerial'N'o. 385,593.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it Vknown that I, Arnon HANNAH, `a citizen of the United States,` residing at Warrenpoint, county of Bergen, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain newl and useful Improvements in Gauze-Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the in- Vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters ofv reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specica'tion.

This invention relates to looms, and more particularly to that class of looms which are esigned for weaving gauzeor similar fabrics wherein an interlockedweave is employed. One of the objects ofthe present invention is to providenew and improved means for crossing neighboring warp threads whereby an interlocked Weave is reduced.`

Other objects will be 1n artobvious and in part pointed out hereina ter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exempliiied in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the ap lication of which will be indicated in thefo low ing claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein is illustrated one of the various possible embodiments of my invention,-F1gure 1* is a view in side elevation of a loom constructed in accordance therewith; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken through the loom,look ing from the front thereof Fig. 3 is a plan View showing the needle guard Aoscillating mechanism; Fig. 4 is a view in elevation upon an enlarged scale of cam mechanism employed for actuating certain operativeY parts of the loom; Figs. 5 and 6 are elevational views upon enlarged scales, `illustrating the positions assumed by the warp threads during the operation of the loom; Figs. `7 and 8 are horizontal sectional views taken through a portion of the loom, illustrating the posi` tions of the arts at successive picks; F1g.`9 is a verticalp sectional vew takensubistantially on'the line f-a; of Fig. 5 and Fig. 10 is a view on an enlarged scale illustrating the manner of effecting the weave.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

l Referring now to the` drawings, a repre- 'sents the frame of the loom which carries a crank shaft b and a tappet or cam shaft c, the driving means for these parts not being shown herein. Warp o and w respectively which feed body threads 1 and float threads 2. A take-up roll for the woven fabric is shown at x, said fabric passing over a glass bar to said take-up roll, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

tllhe batten d is mounted upon lay-swords e fulcrumed as at f and is driven by means of a `pitman g from the crank-shaft b. A reed beams are shown at d is mounted upon the batten and the filler members being adjustably supported in a bracket m mounted upon the frame a. If desired, the lower' ends of the vertical members may be supported from the floor, as by means of a bracket m supported by uprights, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. 'lhe vertical members t are rovided with elongated slots n, in which sli e the ends o of a vertically reciprocating bar 0. Bar o, in the present instance, is provided with a series of vertically disposed needleso2 each of which is provided at or near its free end with a suitabley eye 03 through which extends a iioat thread 2V, a needle being provided for each of the several iioat threads.` To the bar o vnear either end thereof is attached one end of a cord or strip p, said strips passing over rollers psuitably mounted upon the loom frame, the opposite ends of said cords being secured to the upper member of a harness shaft p2,`provided with the usual eyes or mails p4 through which the body threads 1 ofthe warp extend. The lower member of the harness shaft p2 is connected by means of a cord 'p3 to the lower endof a lever g fulcrumed in a bracket g secured to a suitable portion of the loom frame. Lever g is adapted to be oscillated at certain intervals, thereby raising bar 0 with needles o and elevating the float threads 2, by means of a doubleended cam c mounted upon the shaft c,

ys rin s m2 o eratinv to return the bar o neeb 7 dles 02 and float threads 2 to their lower or normal position.

Near the upper ends of members i are arranged trunnions r which carry horizontally disposed, parallel bars r', said bars being secured together and properly spaced by rods r2 and r3. Mounted upon rods r2 and suspended freely therefrom and interposed between needles 02 is a series of substantially U-shaped guards or guides s, the number of guides provided being equal to twice the.

number of needles and are so arranged with respect to said needles that two adjacent guides will always pass between adjacent needles, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 9 of the drawings. Both the body and float threads of the warp pass between the legs of the guide members, as clearly shown in Figs. 7 and S of the drawings, the needles 02 which carry the float threads being disposed intermediate the legs of the guides, and each needle being interposed between two adjacent pairs of guides as above explained.

Depending from bar r3 is a cord t which is connected at its lower extremity to the free end of a lever t fulcrumed in the bracket g and adapted to be oscillated by a substantially heart-shaped cam c2 mounted upon the shaft c, the free ends of the bars r being urged to movement in an upward direction by means of retractile springs u. When bars r are oscillated in the trunnions r, the lower portions or legs of the guides s pass back and forth between the needles 0 as the latter are raised or depressed, thereby effecting the interlocking of the various threads of the fabric in a manner which will be hereinafter explained.

Having thus described the construction of this embodiment of my invention, the operation thereof may now be understood. When the batten is in a forward position, the needles o2 with their warp threads 2, which for convenience I have termed float threads, are in their down or normal position, the harness p2 being raised, and the mails p4 have carried their warp threads, which I have termed body threads, to their uppermost position, and bars r have oscillated so as to throw the guides s to their forward position, as clearly shown in the full lines of Figs. l and 5 of the drawings. As the batten starts on its rearward swing, the needles o2 begin to rise upon one side of the body threads l, and, simultaneously with the upward movement of the needles, the harness begins its descent, the needles and harness carrying their respective warp threads with them and past each other until the warp threads assume a position similar to that shown by the dot-and-dash lines in Fig. 5. At the termination of the upward movement of the needles and the downward movement of the harness, the batten guides, needles, and warp threads Aillustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawings.

will have assumed positions similar to those The shuttle is now thrown to carry the filler dr between the sheds formed in the warp threads by the harness and the needles, the hatten begins its forward movement, and when. it has reached its forward limit of motion, the parts above mentioned will have assumed positions similar to that shown by the full lines in Fig. 6. It will be observed that the needles o2 have descended and the harness p2 has risen during the forward movement of the hatten, and the guides s have been moved rearwardly until their forward legs are in adjacency with the needles. lJhen the hatten again begins to recede or swing rearwardly, `necdles o2 begin their upward movement, but in this instance each of the guides .has moved the body threads of the warp to such position that each needle will carry its float thread to the other side of its neighboring body thread, said body threads being moved downward as for the previous pick, the parts presently assuming a position similar to that shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. The shuttle is again thrown and the foregoing operation is repeated indefinitely.

It will be obvious that, since the needles pass their warp threads alternately to either side of the warp threads carried by the harness, a pick being thrown over each time the warp threads have been so crossed, one float thread has been laid partially about a body thread and secured there by the weft and then returned partially about the body thread and similarly secured in such position by the weft. The manner in which the guides s move the body threads so that the needles when rising may alternately pass to either side thereof, whereby the warp threads are crossed, is clearly illustrated in Figs. 7 and S of the drawings.

It will be readily seen that weaves different from that above described may be cl'- fected by this mechanism. For instance, should a diamond weave be desired, such weave may be produced by crossing the warp threads passing from one dent in the reed d through the guides s from the left to right, and passing the next warp threads through the next adjacent pair of guides from right to left.

It will accordingly be seen that I have provided mechanism well adapted to attain, among others, all the ends and objects above enumerated, in an exceedingly sinl ple, yet eflicient, manner.

The guides which operate to cross the warp threads are preferably made of metal, and therefore will not become easily worn, and the entire operation is accomplished ina positive, economical and thoroughly ellicient manner. Another advantage inherent in the construction is that the warp threads seams being carried between the legs of the guides will be accurately controlled during the weaving operation, enabling the loom to be successfully operated at any desired speed.

As many changes could be made inthe above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made Without departing fromthe scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall,

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Pate` ent 1s: l

1. In a loom, the combination with the oscillatory batten, of harness for operating one set of warp threads, needles for operating another set of warp threads, and means positioned between said needles for crossing the warp threads of one set over' those of the other set.

2. In a loom, the combination. with the oscillatory batten, of means for carrying one set of warp threads, movably mounted needles for carrying another set of warp threads, and means interposed between adjacent needles for crossing a warp thread of one set over a thread of another set.

3. In a loom having the warp threads arranged in a plurality of sets, the combination of needles for carrying the warp threads of one set, and means interposed between said needles ada ted alternately to cross the warp threads o' one of said sets over the threads of the set carried by the needles.

4. In a loom wherein the warp threads are arran ed in a lurality of sets, Vthe combination o vertica y reciprocating needles adapt-4 ed to carry the warp threads of one set, and means positioned between said needles adapted to move the warp threads of another of said sets to such positions that during successive upward movements of the needles the war threads carried thereby will be carried a ternately to either side of the warp threads and said second vmentioned set.

5. In a loom wherein the warp threads are arranged in a lurality of sets, the combination of a plura ity of needles for carrying one set of warp threads, and substantially U- shaped guide members located between said needles adapted to cross another set of warp threads over the warp threads carried by the needles.

6. In a loom wherein the warp threads are arranged in a plurality of sets, the combination of a plurality of vertically movable needles for carrying one set of warp threads, guide members interposed between adjacent needles through which the warp threads eX- tend, and means for actuating said guides during the vertical movements of said needles, whereby the threads of another set of said warp threads are alternately moved to either side of neighboring threads carried by the needles.

7. In a loom, the combination with the frame and the means for advancing the warp threads, the warp being adapted to be maintained in two sets, of a plurality of vertically movable carriers for the warp threads of one set, and means interposed between said carriers adapted to cross the threads of the other of said sets over those carried by said carriers.

8. In a loom, having the warp threads arranged in independent sets, needles for carrying the threads of one set and means interposed between said needles for moving the threads of anothersetpast those carried by the needle each time the shed is changed.

9. In a loom, having the warp threads divided into body threads and iioat threads, needles for carrying float threads, and means interposed between the needles for carrying the body threads across the iioat threads each time the shed is changed.

10. In a loom wherein the warp threads are divided into sets of body threads and iioat threads, of a series of reciprocating needles carrying the float threads, and oscillatory guide members interposed between said needles for crossing the body threads over the float threads each time the shed is changed.

. 11.V In a loom wherein the warp threads are divided into body threads and float threads, the combination of a series of vertically movable needles carrying the float threads, harness for carrying the body threads, Aand oscillatory guide members interposed between said needles and through whichv the body and float threads extend, adapted alternately to cross the body threads over the float threads simultaneously with the changing of the shed.

`12. In aloom, the `combination with the frame and the means for advancing the warp, the threads of the warp being adapted to be maintained 'in two Sets, of a vertically movable bar, a set of needles mounted upon said bar through whichV one set of the warp threads extend, and means carried by said bar adapted to cross the threads of the other of said sets over the threads carried by the needles simultaneously with the changing of the shed.

13. In a loom, the combination with the frame, means for advancing the warp, and the means for introducing the filler, the threads of the warp being adapted to be maintained in two sets, of a series of vertically movable needles carrying one set of Warp threads, and means interposed between said needles and movable therewith, adapted to move the threads of the other ot said sets laterally across the warp threads carried by the needles simultaneously with the changing of the shed.

14. In a loom, the combination with the oscillatory batten, means for advancing the warp, and means for introducing the filler, the threads of the warp being divided into body threads and float threads, of a series ol needles, vertically reciprocating means upon which said needles are mounted, the lloat threads bein@- threaded through said needles and a plurclity of substantially U-shaped guide members interposed between adjacent needles, the body threads assing between the legs of said guide mem ers, and means for oscillating said guide members during the reciprocal movements of the needle supportmg means.

15. ln a loom, the combination with the frame, the reciprocating hatten and the warp advancing means, the threads of the warp being arranged in sets of body threads and float threads, of a vertically reciprocating auxiliary frame mounted in the frame of said loom, a series of needles mounted upon said frame and adapted to reciprocate therewith, said needles being adapted to carry the'oat threads of the warp, and harness for Acarrying the body threads of the warp,

means i'or moving said auxiliary frame and said harness in opposite directions, whereby sheds may be formed, and oscillatory guide members mounted upon said auxiliary frame and interposed between said needles, adapted to so oierate upon said warp threads that the t reads of one of said sets are passed across the threads of' the other of said sets at the te 1mination of each reciprocal movement of said auxiliary frame.

16. ln a loom, the combination with the frame, the batteri and the 'warp-advancing means, the threads of the warp being divided and maintained in two sets, an auxiliary frame mounted to reciprocate vertically in the loom frame, a series of needles upon said auxiliary frame and movable therewith, said needles being adapted to carry one set of warp threads, a harness adapted to carry the other set of warp threads, means for moving said needles and auxiliary frame simultaneously in opposite directions, whereby sheds are formed, and a pair of guide members mounted to oscillate upon said auxiliary -frame, said guide members being provided with legs between which the wrap threads pass, and means for oscillating said guide members during the reciprocal movements of said auxiliary frame, whereby said guide members cooperate with said warp threads to move the threads of one set across those ci the other set at the tern'iination ol each reciprocal movement of said auxiliary frame.

17. ln a loom, the combination with the warp-advancing means, the threads ol" the warp being arranged in two sets, ot a vertically movable bar, needles mounted. upon said bar, guides oscillating between said needles, said needles being adapted to carry one set of warp threads, a harness carrying` the other set olt warp threads, and means -for oscillating said guides, whereby the threads of one set are passed over those olE the other set thereof, during the movements of said bar.

18. In a loom, the combination with the `trame and the means for advancing the warp threads, the warp threads being adapted to be maintained in two sets, of a plurality of vertically movable carriers for the warp threads of one set, and means movable in a direction parallel to the direction oi' advance of the warp threads adapted to cross the threads of one of said sets over those of the other thereof.

19. In a loom, the combination with a frame and the means for advancing the warp threads, the warp threads being adapted to be maintained in two sets, of a plurality of vertically movable carriers for the warp threads oin onel set, and a plurality of devices which move in a direction parallel to the direction of advance of the warp threads, and through each pair of which one of the warp threads ol one of said sets is threaded, adapted to cross the tlneads o'l that set over the threads of the other oisaid sets.

20. in a loom, the combination with a frame and the means for advancing the warp threads, the warp threads being adapted to be maintained in two sets, oit a plurality oiz vertically movable carriers for the warp threads of one set, and a plurality of devices which move in a direction parallel to the direction of advance ollv the warp threads, and through each pair of which one of the warp threads on one of said sets is threaded, adapted to cross the threads of that set over those carried by said carriers.

21. ln a loom, the combination with the frame, an oscillatory batten, and the means -for advancing the warp, the threads of the warp being arranged. in two sets, of a plurality of vertically reciprocating needles adapted to control the other set thereof, and means movable in a direction parallel to the direction of advance of the warp threads 'lor crossing the threads of one ot said sets over those ol" the other thereof each time the shed. is changed.

22. In a loom wherein the warp threads are divided into body threads and float threads, the combination of a series of vcrtically movable needles carrying the lloat threads, harness for carrying the body thread and guide members throughk Which In testimony, that I claim the foregoing the body and float threads extend, said as my own, I have hereunto set my hand guide members oscillating' in a direction this nineteenth day of July,1907.

parallel to the direction of advance of the ALECK HANNAH.

5 Warp threads and adapted to cross the body Witnesses:

threads over the oat threads simultane- Y WILLIAM H. YOUNG, ously With the changing of the shed. FREDERICK V. WATSON. 

